Felsefe

Hint-Avrupa kökü olarak gösterilen kelimelerin önemli bir kısmı Türkçedir.

ÖZET: Türkçe, 8500 yıl önce ortaya çıktığı tahmin edilen bir dildir. Dolayısıyla bu sözde IE ailesinin ortaya çıktığı bölgelerde Türkçe zaten vardı. Böylece Türkçe onun köklerine girmiş oldu. Veya IE dilleri Türkçe'den evrimleşmiştir. Türkçe, anaerkil, tarımcı, şehir kurucu, göçebe, din kurucu, ordu ve devlet kurucu, aynı zamanda ataerkil, savaşçı ve diğer yandan iletişimsel yönleriyle yaşayan bir dildir. Ve köklerini incelemek hiç de zor değil. Bu yazıda Batı kaynaklarında PIE kökü olarak gösterilen 60 örnek parçanın Türkçe karakterine dikkat çekiyorum. Böylece sadece bu kısa çalışma kapsamında Türkçeden türeyen yaklaşık 2150 İngilizce kelime gördük.

                             "Aslında, dünyanın her yerindeki Üniversitelerde tarihsel dilbilim dersleri, aksine çok sayıda şaşırtıcı kanıta rağmen, çoğunlukla hala katı Hint-Avrupa teorilerine bağlı kalmakta ısrar ediyor." M.E. Landsberg (1).

GİRİŞ

Türkçenin geçmişteki yaşını hesaplayan ve eskiliğini iddia eden yazarlar: Samuel E. Martin, Roy Andrew Miller, Nicholas Poppe, Karl. H. Menges, Osman Nedim Tuna (2,3,4,5,6,7). Bir de 2021 yılından Nature dergisinden yepyeni bir makale verelim (8).

Hint-Avrupa dil kuramının kurucularından biri olan Sir William Jones şöyle diyor: “Antik olmasına rağmen Sanskritçe [sic] dili harika bir yapıya sahiptir. Yunanca'dan daha mükemmel, Latince'den daha bol ve her ikisinden de daha incelikli, ancak her ikisine de, hem fiillerin köklerinde hem de dilbilgisinin biçimlerinde, tesadüfen oluşturulabilecek olandan daha güçlü bir yakınlık taşıyor; gerçekten o kadar güçlü ki, hiçbir filolog, belki de artık var olmayan ortak bir kaynaktan çıktıklarına inanmadan üçünü de inceleyemezdi. (9).

Bu görüşten yola çıkarak Türkçe – İngilizce – Sanskritçe uyumunu 1000'in üzerinde temel kelimede karşılaştırdık (Ocak 2019) (10). Sonuç: 231 Türkçe-Sanskritçe uyumlu kelime (yüzde 23,1); İngilizce-Sanskritçe uyumlu 181 (yüzde 18,1); Türkçe-İngilizce uyumlu 166 (%16,6); 3 dilin uyumlu olduğu 102 (yüzde 10,2). Elbette bu çalışmada uluslararası sözlükleri kullandık (11,12,13). (Biz bu çalışmayı yaparken Avrasya kaynaklı Eski Türkçe pek çok kelimeye henüz ulaşamamıştık. Şimdi uyumluluk oranları çok daha yüksek çıkacaktır.)

Eski Kelt ve Bask dillerini de araştıran dilbilimci Edo Nyland'a göre “Hint-Avrupa dilbilimi” “hayali dil, icat edilmiş bilimdir”. Yazının başındaki Landsberg'e ait sözü onun kitabından (1) aldım.

Martin Bernal'e göre Avrupalı ​​ırkçı ideologlar, Avrupa halkları için bir köken ve dil kökü bulmak için bu teoriyi yapay olarak ürettiler. “Kara Athena”da yazdığına göre Yunan kültürü Eski Mısır, Fenike dili ve kültürüne dayanıyordu, ırkçılık bunu kabul edemezdi (14). Hayali bir tarih ve dil ailesi yarattılar. Sömürgecilik, diğer milletleri aşağılayan bu kültürün ana motivasyonuydu. Bernal'in yazılarına göre, bu "ırk" ve "ilerleme" paradigmaları ve bunun doğal sonucu olan "ırksal saflık" ve tek yararlı fethin "ırk" öznesi tarafından "efendi ırkların" fethi olduğuna dair inançlar, "Antik Model"e tahammül edemezdi. . Böylece Müller'in Yunanistan'ı Mısır'ın bir kolonisi olduğunu reddetmesi kabul gördü.  Müller'in başarısının hemen ardından yeni paradigmalar içinde Aryan Modeli oluşturuldu. Bu, birkaç faktör tarafından desteklendi: Hint-Avrupa dil ailesinin keşfi, Hint-Avrupalıların veya Aryanların bir 'ırk' olarak görülmesi, Orta Asya'da orijinal bir vatanın makul varsayımı; Yunanca'nın esasen bir Hint-Avrupa dili olduğunu kanıtlama ihtiyacı…” (14) Alman romantik "bilim adamlarına" göre, Hint Brahmileri, Orta Asya'dan gelen "ari" fatihlerin torunlarıydı. Bu şekilde, Hintliler ve Hint dili için de bir "Aryan" asli kökeni vardı. Büyük Hint-Avrupa dilbilimci August Schleicher, ayrık Çinceden sondan eklemeli Turan dillerine (Türkçe ve Moğolca) doğru gelişen ve çekimli Sami ve Hint-Avrupa dillerinde doruğa ulaşan evrimsel bir hiyerarşi tasavvur etti. Bunsen'e göre Çin, tarihin en ilkel aşamasıydı. Bunu Turancılık, ardından Hamizm (Mısır) izledi. Bunu “Tufan” ve gerçek tarihin başlangıcı izledi. Gerçek tarih, Samiler ile Hint-Germenler arasındaki diyalektik ilişkiden ibaretti (14).

Burada bir saplama yapacak olursak Bernal'in bahsettiği iklim tam da Hitler'i ortaya çıkaran iklimdir. Ve ne yazık ki örtük olarak liberal ve demokratik bir ideoloji olarak devam etmektedir. Hint-Avrupalı ​​teorisyenlerin bahsettiği Brahmilerin ataları olan Orta Asyalılar, Türk unsurlarından başkası değildir. Bunu aynı anda kabul edip reddederek Asyalı olarak gördükleri halkları küçük düşürmeye devam ettiler. Yücelttikleri Sanskritçeye köklerini veren, hor gördükleri Türk'tü.

Bahsedilen bu sömürge kültürüne rağmen, Avrupa sosyal biliminde nesnel ve dürüst gerçek bilimin damarı gelişmeye devam etti. Bazı araştırmacılar ortaya çıkmayı başardı, örneğin: Türk dilleri ve IE dillerinin eski bağları hakkında yazan A. V. Edlinger; Türk halklarının Batı'ya göçünden sonra Asya'da medeniyetin gerilediğini yazan arkeolog T. J Arne; Sümer'de Türk izlerini gören Fritz Hommel, Noah Kramer; Orhun Yazıtlarını bulan ve yayınlayan Strahlenberg, Olai Heikel, Wilhelm Thomsen ve Wilhelm Radloff. Ancak Avrupa'daki faşist dalga, bu nesnel bilimin verilerini Alman tarafında ve diğer tarafta hızla sildi.

Sovyetler Birliği'nde sosyal bilim adına yeni bir uyanış ortaya çıktı. Nicolai Marr, Vavilov, Akishev, Gumilev, Süleymanov, Zekiev ve diğerleri. Doğal olarak, bu yazıda sadece "dilbilimde uyanış" ve ortak insan dillerinin köklerinin izlenmesindeki gelişmelerden bahsediyoruz, örneklerimiz bunlarla sınırlı. Ancak Sovyet rejimi, Türk milliyetçiliğinin canlanmasından korktuğu için bu çabaları bastırdı ve gelişimini durdurdu.

Türkiye'de de Batı dillerinde Türkçenin izlerini arayan ve Hint-Avrupa teorisini eleştiren yazarlar vardı. Bunlardan bazıları: Konstanty Borzęcki (Mustafa Celalettin Paşa) (1869); Bedros Keresteciyan (1912); İsmail Hami Danişmend, Ahmet Cevat Emre, M.K. Atatürk (1930'lar) (15,16).

Türkçeye bakmadan, Türkçe bilmeden dilbilimden bahsetmek, genetiği bilmeden insanlardan bahsetmeye benzer. Ne yazık ki, dünyadaki birçok akademisyen yeni bir şeyler öğrenmekten korkuyor. Sorun aynı zamanda politik, ideolojik ve çoğunlukla psikolojik. Ortaçağ skolastiklerinin cehennem ateşleri birçok bilim adamının ruhunda yanıyor.

YÖNTEM

Şimdi 60 örneğimize bakalım. Peşinen bir şey belirteyim. Dış kaynaklı Batılı kelimelerin etimoloji verilerinin tamamen güvenilir olduğunu düşünmüyorum. Çoğu doğru, bazıları abartılı, bazıları tamamen sahte. Çoğu Türkçe bilmeyen, Türk ve Türk kültürlerini hiç araştırmamış "alimlerin" eserleridir. Türkçe kök çok nadiren kabul edilir. Bazen bilinir ama kasten görmezden gelinir.

Başlıca kaynaklarım Wilhelm Radloff, Versuch Eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte; Online Etymologia : etimonline.com. ; Oxford Dictionary (17,13,18).

BULGULAR

Ag PIE kökü: "sürmek, ileri veya geri çekmek, hareket etmek." Türk kökü 'ak' hareketi ifade eder. İşte bu kökten türediği iddia edilen İngilizce kelimelerden bazıları: act; action; active; actor; actual; agency; agenda; agent; agile; agitation; agony; ambassador; ambiguous; antagonized; assay; axiom; cache; castigate; coagulate; demagogue; exact; exacta; examine; exigency; fumigation; glucagon; interact; isagoge; litigation; mitigate; navigate; pedagogue; prodigal; protagonist; purge; react; redact; retroactive; squat; strategy; synagogue; transact; transaction… toplamda 60'tan fazla kelime. Türkçe ak kökünden türemiş bazı kelimeler: ak-mak (akım), akın (ileri gitmek), aktar: transfer.

Al PIE kökü: “ötesi”. Türkçe 'el': yabancı, öte, uzak. 'al' kökünden türetilen bazı İngilizce kelimeler: adultery; alias; alibi; alien; alienate; alienation; allegory; allele; allergy; allo-; allopathy; Alsace; alter; altercation; alternate; alternative; altruism; else; hidalgo; other; outrage; outrageous; parallax; parallel; subaltern; anterior; ultimate; ultra… 30'dan fazla kelime. Eski Türkçe 'ilgerü': uzak; Yeni Türkçe 'ilerle-ileri': ileri, öte; 'el': yabancı, yabancı kişi. Alien>el.

Ar PIE kökü: “bir araya getirmek”. Bu kökten yapı, alet ve düzen ile ilgili kelimeler türetilmiştir. Örneklerden bazıları: adorn; alarm; aristarchy; Aristotle-; aristocracy; arm 'upper limb of the body', arm 'weapon'; armada; armadillo; armament; armature; armor; armory; army; art; arthralgia; arthritis; arthro-; arthropod; article; articulate; artifact; artifice; artist; coordination; gendarme; harmony; inert; ordain; order; ordinal; ordinance; ordinary; ordinate; ornament; primordial; subordinate… 50'den fazla kelime. Pek çok Türkçe kelime tarihî, maddî hayata dayalı olarak ses ve anlam bakımından örtüşmektedir. Türkçe kök 'or-ör'. Eski Türkçe 'karı': arm; "ordu": army; ör-me: örmek, inşa etmek; 'veya': savunulan konum; 'harm': güçlendirme.

Ater PIE kökü: “ateş”. Bu kökten gelen İngilizce kelimeler şunlardır: atrabiliary; atrabilious; atrium; atrocious… 'Ateş' Farsça kökenli olduğu iddia edilen binlerce Türkçe kelimeden biridir. Türkçedeki en eski yazılı biçimlerin 'od-ot' olduğu bilinmesine rağmen, 'ateş' ile ilişkilendirilemezler. İlginç! Od>ot>ateş>ater.

AŞAĞIDA İKİ ÖRNEK DAHA VERECEĞİM, ÖTEKİLERE LÜTFEN YAZININ İNGİLİZCE ASLINDAN BAKINIZ, TEK TEK SÖZCÜKLERİ DİZMEK, KOPYALA YAPIŞTIRLA BİLE ÇOK ZOR, KUSURA BAKMAYINIZ. Bu maddeler zaten sözlükte de var: https://www.insanbu.com/Felsefe-Haberleri/929-bati-dillerindeki-turkce-koklu-sozcukler-sozlugu

Ghrei: "ovmak. Türkçe 'karış, karışla-ma'. Bu kökten türetilen bazı kelimeler: chrism; Jesus; baptize; Christian; Christmas; cream; dirt; eerie; Kriss Kringle…  Türkçe 'karış': el, avuç içi; karışlama: açık elle dokunmak, avuç içi. Krishna ve İsa Mesih… İsimlerinin benzerliğinin yanı sıra mitlerinde de ortak birçok nokta var. Her ikisi de meshedilir. Arapça 'mesh'. Mesih, İsa Mesih  ismi buradan gelmektedir. Türkçe karşılığı 'karış-karışlama'dır. Caress-ed>karışlandı.

Gwen "kadın". Yakın zamana kadar Türk halkları ataerkil düzende anaerkil kültü korumuştur. Ev, köşk ve sarayda örtülü otorite çoğunlukla kadınlardı. Bu yüzden Türkçede kadın, asil kadın, yönetici kadın anlamında pek çok isim vardır, bazıları 'Gwen' ile uyumludur. 'Kadın, xatun, hatun': hanımefendi; ‘hanım’: hanımefendi, kadın ‘han, khan’. Bunlar aynı zamanda 'queen' ile de uyumludur. Osmanlı döneminde onlarla birlikte kadın “Sultan”lar ortaya çıkmıştır (Arapça adı). Bunlarla birlikte 'Begüm' ve 'Banu' isimleri. Banu Çiçek, Selcan Hatun Türk kadın kahramanlarıdır. Tac Mahal, Türk kraliçesi Ercüment Banu Begüm için yaptırılmıştır. 'Begüm' Farsça değil, gerçek Türkçe isimdir. Begüm, kadın lord, “kadın bey” demektir. Beg, ‘lord’ anlamına gelen Türkçe bir isimdir. İngilizce "big", "beg" ve "büyük" sözcüklerinden türetilmiştir. Hindistan'ın Haydarabad kentinin kurucusu Türk kraliçesi Haydar Begüm'dür. Jeannine Davis-Kimball, Kazakistan'daki çalışmalarında bu kültün tarihöncesini takip etti. Amazon kadın mezarları olduğu düşünülen mezarlardaki kadınların DNA'sını bölgedeki Türk halkının DNA'sı ile karşılaştırdı ve büyük bir uyum buldu. Bu bulguları American Journal of Archeology dergisinin Eylül-Ekim 1997 sayısında yayınlamış ve daha sonra bir kitapta bastırmıştır (19). Saka kadınları ile yöredeki Türk kadınlarının giyim ve fizyonomisi arasındaki benzerliğe dikkat çekti. Irish War Queens ve Death Maidens ile paralellikler çizdi. Alman bilim adamları, mezardaki Lady 2-7-2 ile Kazak Türk kızı Meryemgül arasında bariz bir akrabalık olduğunu ortaya koydu. Aynı haplotip Meryemgül'ün akrabası olan kadınlarda da bulundu.

SONUÇ

Tekrarlanması gerekiyor. IE skolastiklerinin etimoloji kaynaklarından bol miktarda İngilizce kelime gösterdim. Okuyucuyu sıksa bile. Okuyucu bu köklerden hangi kelimelerin çıkabileceğini görsün diye. Bazıları zaten yanlış. Bazıları sahte. Ancak birçoğunu doğru kabul edersek, Türkçe kök ve örnek karşılıklarının orijinal köklere çok daha yakın olduğunu göreceksiniz. Böylece sadece bu kısa çalışma kapsamında Türkçeden türeyen yaklaşık 2100 İngilizce kelime gördük. Yine de, skolastik okullardan bilim adamları, "Bunlar tesadüf" diyecekler. Ancak tarihsel, sosyal, maddi, kültürel, üretim ilişkileri, ekonomi ve genetik temelinde birçok yönden tesadüf olmadığını gösteriyorum. Elbette tartışmaya ve birbirimizden öğrenerek gelişmeye açık olmalıyız. Hatalarım gösterildiğinde geri adım atmaya, hatayı kabul etmeye ve değiştirmeye hazırım. Ancak, bazı “akademisyenler” en kaba aşağılamayı ve hakareti seçiyorlar. “Bilginin heybetine ulaşamıyorsan, inkarın bayağılığından kurtul!”

Referanslar::

(1)  Edo Nyland, Linguistic Archaeology, FriesenPress, 2016

(2)  Samuel E. Martin, Lexical Evidence Relating Korean to Japanese Languages, 1966

(3)  Roy Andrew Miller, The Japanese Language, 1967

(4)  Nicholas Poppe, Altaic Linguistic An Overview Science and Language, No 6, 1975

(5)  Nicholas Poppe, A New Symposium on the Altaic Theory CAJ, c. XVI, n.1, 1972

(6)  Karl. H. Menges, The Turkic Language and People, 1968

(7)  Osman Nedim Tuna, Altay Dilleri Teorisi, Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı, 1983.

(8)  Martine Robbeets, Remco Bouckaert, Matthew Conte, Alexander Savelyev, Tao Li, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Yinqiu Cui, Takamune Kawashima, Geonyoung Kim, et al. ; Triangulation supports agricultural spread of the Transeurasian languages; Nature 2021

(9)  Sir William Jones, Third Anniversary Discourse, 1786, Electronic Library of Historiography, Universita degli Studi Firenze

(10) Kaan Arslanoğlu; Türkçe Sanskritçe İngilizce uyumunun ölçülmesi : https://www.insanbu.com/Felsefe-Haberleri/735-1000-temel-sozcuk-ustunden-turkce-sanskritce-ingilizce-uyumunun-karsilastirmasi

(11) Sanskrit Dictionary: sanskritdictionary.com

(12) Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit: spokensanskrit.com

(13) Online Etymology: etymonline.com

(14) Martin Bernal, Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization (The Fabrication of Ancient Greece), Rutland Local History & Record Society 1987

(15) Mustafa Celalettin Paşa, Les Turcs Anciens et Modernes, 1869

(16) Bedros Efendi Keresteciyan, Dictionnaire Etymologiqu de la Turque, 1912

(17) Wilhelm Radloff, Versuch Eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte, 1872

(18) Oxford Dictionary: old version online

(19) Jeannine Davis-Kimbal, Amazon Warrior Women, Warner Books, 2002

 

Significant part of words shown as Indo-European root are Turkish

Kaan Arslanoğlu

ABSTRACT: Turkish is a language that is estimated to have emerged 8500 years ago. Therefore, Turkish already existed in the regions where this so-called IE family emerged. So Turkish entered into their roots. Or IE languages evolved from Turkish. Turkish is still a living language with its matriarchal, agricultural, city-builder, nomadic, religion-founder, army and state-founder, and also patriarchal, warrior and on the other hand communicative aspects. And examining its roots is not difficult at all. In this article, I am pointing out the Turkic character of 60 sample pieces which are shown in Western sources as PIE root. Thus, within the scope of this short study alone, we have seen about 2150 English words which has germinated from Turkish.   

 

                             “Indeed, courses in historical linguistics in Universities all over the World, inspite of much perplexing evidence to the contrary, mostly still persist in adhering to strict Indo-European theories.” M. E. Landsberg (1).

 

INTRODUCTİON

Authors who calculated the age of Turkish in the past and claimed its antiquity: Samuel E. Martin, Roy Andrew Miller, Nicholas Poppe, Karl. H. Menges, Osman Nedim Tuna (2,3,4,5,6,7). Let's give a brand new article from the journal Nature in 2021 (8).

Sir William Jones, one of the founders of Indo-European language theory, says: “The Sanscrit [sic] language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists.” (9).

Based on this view, we compared Turkish – English – Sanskrit harmony in over 1000 basic words (January 2019) (10). The result was: 231 Turkish-Sanskrit compatible words (23.1 percent); English-Sanskrit compatible 181 (18.1 percent); Turkish-English compatible 166 (16.6%); 102 (10.2 percent) that the 3 languages ​​are compatible. Of course, we used international dictionaries in this study (11,12,13). (While we were doing this study, we could not reach many Eurasian Old Turkish words yet. Now the compatibility rates are much higher.)

According to the linguist Edo Nyland, who also researched the ancient Celtic and Basque languages, “Indo-European linguistics” is “the phantom language, the invented science”. I took the epigraph of Landsberg at the beginning of the article from his book (1).

According to Martin Bernal, European racist ideologues produced this theory artificially in order to find an origin and language root for the European peoples. According to what he wrote in “Black Athena”, the Greek culture was based on Ancient Egypt, Phoenician language and culture, racism could not accept this (14). They created an imaginary family of history and languages. Colonialism was the main motivation of this culture, which humiliated other nations. According to Bernal's writings, these paradigms of "race" and "progress" and the corollary "racial purity" and beliefs that the only beneficial conquest was the conquest of "master races" by subject "race" could not tolerate the “Ancient Model”. Thus, Müller's rejection of Greece as a colony of Egypt was accepted.  Immediately after Müller's success, the Aryan Model was created within new paradigms. This was supported by a number of factors: the discovery of the Indo-European language family, the view of Indo-Europeans or Aryans as a 'race', the plausible assumption of an original homeland in Central Asia; the need for proof that Greek was essentially an Indo-European language…” (14) According to German romantic "scientists", the Indian Brahmis were descendants of "ari" conquerors from Central Asia. In this way, there was also an "Aryan" primordial origin for the Indians and the Indian language. The great Indo-European linguist August Schleicher envisioned an evolutionary hierarchy that developed from disjunctive Chinese to agglutinative Turanian languages ​​(Turkish and Mongolian) and culminated in the inflected Semitic and Indo-European languages. According to Bunsen, China was the most primitive stage in history. It was followed by Turanism, then Hamism (Egypt). This was followed by the “Flood” and the beginning of true history. The real history consisted of the dialectical relationship between the Semites and the Indo-Germans (14).

If we make a determination here, the climate that Bernal is talking about is exactly the climate that revealed Hitler. And unfortunately, it continues implicitly as a liberal and democratic ideology. The Central Asians, the ancestors of the Brahmis mentioned by Indo-European theorists, are none other than Turkic elements. By accepting and rejecting this at the same time, they continued to humiliate the peoples they saw as Asiatic. It was the Turkish they despised that gave their roots to the Sanskrit they exalted.

Despite this aforementioned colonial culture, the vein of objective and honest real science continued to develop in European social science. Some researchers were able to emerge, such as:  A. V. Edlinger, who wrote about the ancient ties of Turkic languages and IE languages; archaeologist T. J Arne who wrote that civilization declined in Asia after the migration of Turkic peoples to the West; Fritz Hommel, Noah Kramer, who saw traces of Turks in Sumer; Strahlenberg, Olai Heikel, Wilhelm Thomsen and Wilhelm Radloff who found out and published the Orkhon Inscriptions. However, the fascist wave in Europe quickly wiped out the data of this objective science in the German side and the other side.

A new awakening in the name of social science emerged in the Soviet Union. Nicolai Marr, Vavilov, Akishev, Gumilev, Suleymanov, Zekiev and others. Naturally, in this article we are only talking about the "awakening in linguistics" and advancements in tracking the roots of common human languages, our examples are limited to them. However, the Soviet regime suppressed these efforts because it feared the revival of Turkish nationalism and stopped its development.

There were writers in Turkey as well who looked for traces of Turkish in Western languages ​​and were critical of the Indo-European theory. Some of them: Konstanty Borzęcki (Mustafa Celalettin Paşa) (1869); Bedros Keresteciyan (1912); İsmail Hami Danişmend, Ahmet Cevat Emre, M.K. Atatürk (1930’ies) (15,16).

Talking about linguistics without looking at and knowing Turkish is like talking about people without knowing genetics. Unfortunately, many academics around the world are afraid of learning something new. The problem is also political, ideological and mostly psychological. Inferno fires of medieval scholastics are burning in the souls of many scholars.

 

METHOD

Now let's look at our 60 examples. Let me state something up front. I do not consider the outsourced Western words etymology data to be fully reliable. Most are true, some exaggerated, some completely fake. They are the Works of "scholars", most of whom do not know Turkish and have never researched Turkish and Turkic cultures. Turkish root is very rarely accepted. Sometimes known but deliberately ignored.

My major sources are Wilhelm Radloff, Versuch Eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte; Online etymology, etymonline.com. ; Oxford Dictionary (17,13,18)

Please read Turkish letters as you read the first letters of the names opposite them. A: Antony; c: Jennifer, George; ç: Churchill; e: Elmore, g: Gloria, i: Eve,

RESULTS

Ag PIE root: "to drive, draw out or forth, move." The Turkish root ‘ak’ denoting movement. Here are some of the English words that are claimed to derive from this root: act; action; active; actor; actual; agency; agenda; agent; agile; agitation; agony; ambassador; ambiguous; antagonized; assay; axiom; cache; castigate; coagulate; demagogue; exact; exacta; examine; exigency; fumigation; glucagon; interact; isagoge; litigation; mitigate; navigate; pedagogue; prodigal; protagonist; purge; react; redact; retroactive; squat; strategy; synagogue; transact; transaction… more than 60 words in total. Some words originating from the Turkish root ‘ak’: ak-mak (flow), akın (move forward), aktar: transfer.

Al PIE root: “beyond.” Turkish ‘el’: alien, beyond, far. Some English words derived from the root ‘al’: adultery; alias; alibi; alien; alienate; alienation; allegory; allele; allergy; allo-; allopathy; Alsace; alter; altercation; alternate; alternative; altruism; else; hidalgo; other; outrage; outrageous; parallax; parallel; subaltern; anterior; ultimate; ultra… more than 30 words. Old Turkish ‘ilgerü’: far away; New Turkish ‘ilerle-ileri’: forward, beyond; ‘el’: foreigner, foreign person. Alien>el.

Ar PIE root: “to fit together”. From this root, words related to structure, tool and order are derived. Some of examples: adorn; alarm; aristarchy; Aristotle-; aristocracy; arm 'upper limb of the body', arm 'weapon'; armada; armadillo; armament; armature; armor; armory; army; art; arthralgia; arthritis; arthro-; arthropod; article; articulate; artifact; artifice; artist; coordination; gendarme; harmony; inert; ordain; order; ordinal; ordinance; ordinary; ordinate; ornament; primordial; subordinate… more than 50 words. Many Turkish words overlap in sound and meaning based on historical, material life. Turkish root ‘or-ör’. Old Turkish ‘karı’: arm; ‘ordu’: army; ‘ör-me’: knitting, constructing; ‘or’: defended position; ‘harm’: consolidation.

Ater PIE root: “fire.” ‘Ateş’ in Turkish. English words from this root are: atrabiliary; atrabilious; atrium; atrocious… 'Ateş’ is one of thousands of Turkish words that are claimed to have Persian roots. Although it is known that the oldest written forms in Turkish are 'od-ot', they cannot be associated with 'ateş’. Interesting! Od>ot>ateş>ater.

Aug: "to increase." Turkish ‘ağ-ak’ (ağmak, akmak): increase, rise; ‘art-ma’: augment. Examples: auction; augment; augmentative; augur; August; august; Augustus; author; authoritarian; authorize; auxiliary; auxin; appendix; eke; inaugurate; nickname; waist; wax… English ‘eke’: Turkish ‘ek-leme’.

Bha: "to speak, tell, say." Since this meaning is the word of a higher authority and creates mostly a serious sanction, we associate it with the Turkish word ‘bağır-ma’: yell, shout, bellow, to raise your voice. Some of the words that are said to be derived from the root ‘bha’ in English are: abandon; affable; anthem; antiphon; aphasia; aphonia; aphonic; apophasis; apophatic; ban 'proclamation or edict'; ban (v.); bandite; banish; banlieue; blame; blaspheme; blasphemy; cacophony; confess; timetable; euphemism; fable; fabulous; fado; fairy; fame; famous; fatal; fate; fault; gramophone; heterophemy; homophone; ineffable; infamous; infant; mauvais; megaphone; microphone; nefarious; phatic; phone; phoneme; phonetic; phono-; pheme; preface; profession; professional; professor; prophecy; prophets; symphony; telephone… more than 100 words. I show plenty of examples so that those who deliberately can’t find out any resemblence with the Turkish root can see what IE linguists are comparing them to.

Bhel: “to blow, swell.” Turkish ‘bel verme’: to swell, to swell to one side. Old Turkish 'bol-bolcok': ball shape. English words that are said to derive from this root are: ballet; baleen; ball; balloon; ballot; bawd; bold; bole; boll; bollocks; bollix; boulder; boulevard; bowl; bulk; bull; bullock; bulwark; follicle; folly; fool; foosball; full; pall-mall; phallus… Ballet (English): piyala, bila (Altai, Kirghiz. Radloff).

Bhel: “to shine, flash, burn.” "Balkı" in Turkish. One hundred percent sound and meaning overlap. English words that are said to derive from this root are: Beluga; Beltane; black; Blanch; blank; blanket; blaze; bleach; bleak; blemish; blench; blend; blind; blindfold; blitzkrieg; blond; blue; blush; conflagration; deflagration; efficacy; flagrant; flambé; flambeau; flame; flamingo; flammable; Flavian; Flavius; fulminate; inflamed; inflammable; phlegmatic; riboflavin... more than 40 words. ‘Blend’: bula, bulama, bulantı are relative.

Bhendh: “to bind.” Turkish ‘bag-bağ-bağla-ma, bohça’. English words from this root are: Band; bandanna; bend; bind; bindle; bond; bund; bundle; cummerbund; ribbon; woodbin.

Bher: “to carry.” Turkish 'ber-ver' root. Some English words that are claimed to derive from this root are: Aberdeen; amphora; anaphora; barrow; bear; bearing; Berenice; birth; bring; burden; Christopher; chromatophore; circumference; confer; conference; difference; differentiate; efferent; esophagus; euphoria; ferret; fertile; furtive; indifferent; infer; Lucifer; metaphor; offer; periphery; pestiferous; pheromone; phosphorus; prefer; proffer; proliferation; refer; reference; suffer; transfer... more than 70 words. Similar examples in Turkish: Birth>bört-leme, fertile>verimli, periphere> beri, refer>ver.

Bherg: “high, with derivatives referring to hills and hill-forts.” Hills and castles built on hills are heights in the sense of fortified places. Turkish 'berk': fortified, fortified place, fortified position. ‘Berkit-me’: to consolidate. Words from this root are German 'berg' (mountain) and English ones: barrow; belfry; borough; bourgeoisie; burg; burgess; the burgher; burglar; faubourg; iceberg… Three Turkish examples: Old Turkish ‘ur, uruk’: city, ‘burç’: castle wall, ‘korgon’: castle.

Deik: "to show," also "pronounce solemnly," "also in derivatives referring to the directing of words or objects". Turkish ‘de, de-mek’: to say, to tell, to talk, to declare, to order… English words that are claimed to originate from this root: abdicate; addicted; adjudge; avenge; benedict; condition; contradict; dedicate; deictic; dictate; diction; dictionary; dictum; digit; disk; index; indicate; interdict; judge; judicial; juridical; malison; paradigm; policy; preach; predicament; predicate; predict; prejudice; revenge; teach; theodicy; toe; token; verdict… more than 60 words. Turkish examples: Diction, dictum> de-mek. Toe: Turkish ‘toynak’ (animal nail).

Dent: “tooth.” Turkish ‘tish-diş’. English words from this root: al dente; dandelion; dental; dentifrice; dentist; dentition; denture; glyptodon; indent; mastodon; orthodontia; periodontal; teethe; tooth; toothsome; tusk; trident. Tooth, teeth>tiş, diş.

Deru, dreu: “be firm, solid, steadfast, with specialized senses 'wood', 'tree' and derivatives referring to objects made of wood.” Turkish root “dur”: to stand, be stable, permanence. Turkish 'direk': pole, column. English words that are claimed to derive from this root are: betroth; Dante; dendrite; dendro-; dour; Druid; drupe; dryad; dura mater; durable; durance; duration; duress; during; situation; endure; obdurate; shelter; tar; tray; tree; trig; trim; troth; trough; trow; truce; true; trust; truth… more than 70 words. There are too many similar Turkish words in this item. Some examples: Old Turkish ‘tura’: pole, building, house. Durabilir> durable. Tree>terek, true>doğru, thrust>dürüst, during: dururken.  

Dheigw: “to stick, fix.” Words derived from this root: affix; crucifix; crucify; dig; dike; ditch; fibula; fiche; fichu; fixed; fixate; fixation; fixity; fixture; infibulate; infibulation; microfiche; prefix; suffix; transfix. ‘Dheigw’ can easily turn into ‘fix’ and ‘ditch’ on the tables of I-E etymologists, even though both the sound and the meaning are completely different. But if we say that this is simply Turkish ‘dik-dikme-dikilme’. They will say:  “what is that? What kind of unscientific nonsense you are talking about.” Turkish ‘dik’: to steep, upright, to plant, fix, stich, sew, to erect… A very simple and basic partnership.

El: “elbow, fore arm.” Words derived from this root: hand, ell, elbow, ulna. Turkish 'el': hand.

Em: "to take, distribute." Examples of English words: assume; consume; emption; example; exemplar; exemplary; exemplify; exempt; exemption; impromptu; peremptory; pre-emption; premium; presume; presumption; prompt; pronto; ransom; redeem; redemption; resume; sample; sejm; subsume; sumptuary; sumptuous; vintage. Turkish ‘em, em-mek’: suck, emptying; ‘sömür-me’: emptying by sucking, exploiting, consume.

Gal: "to call, to shout." Turkish ‘gel’ means come, come here, it is also a call word. The words that are claimed to come from this root are: call; clatter; Gallic; gallinaceous; gallium; glasnost; Glagolitic. It turns out that Gallic (Galya, Galce) is derived from the Turkish word 'gel'! They say so. Of course, without mentioning about Turkish.

Gembh: "tooth, nail." A hidden but solid root relationship with Turkish. But the intelligence that cannot see the obvious similarities will never be able to see it. It is claimed to derive from this root: comb; gem; oakum; messy. It can also be connected with Turkish 'gem': bit, bridle. Turkish ‘kemir’ (gnaw), ‘kemik’ (bone) show root partnership. ‘Comb’ is related to the tooth, the appearance of the teeth and gnawing. They also say so.

Gher “to grasp, take in.” Turkish ‘koru’ root: guard, save, enclose. Examples: Asgard; carol; choir; cohort; cortege; court; kind; whore; kindness; courtier; curtilage; bow; garden; garth; generation;  environment; -grade; hangar; Hilda; Hildegard; Hortense; horticulture; kindergarten, courtyard… about 40 words. Turkish ‘koru’: protected forest, big garden.

Ghrei: “rub. Turkish ‘karış, karışla-ma’. Some words derived from this root: chrism; Jesus; baptize; Christian; Christmas; cream; dirt; eerie; Kriss Kringle…  Turkish ‘karış’: hand, palm; ‘karışlama’: touching with an open hand, palm. Krishna and Jesus Christ… Aside from the similarity of their names, their myths also have a lot in common. Both are anointed: Arabic 'mesh'. This is where the name Messiah comes from. Its Turkish equivalent is 'karış-karışlama'. This is where the name Christ comes from. Caressed>karışlandı.  

Gno: “to know.” Old Turkish ‘ognan, ögren’, New Turkish ‘öğren’: to learn; ‘kanı, kan-ma’: belive, opinion; ‘kön, könül, kögnül’: wish, perceive. Words that are claimed to derive from this root are: acknowledge; acquaint; agnostic; can "have power to, be able;" cognition; cognizance; could; cunning; diagnosis; ennoble; gnome; gnomic; gnosis; Gnostic; ignorant; ignore; incognito; ken "cognizance, intellectual view;" kenning; know; knowledge; narrate; narration; nobility; noble; notice; notify; notion; notorious; prognosis; quaint; recognize; Zend… more than 50 words. Some Turkish examples: ‘Ken’ (English): ‘kanı’ (Turkish); ‘can, could’> Turkish suffix ‘ken’ means “able to, making” (et-ken); ‘öğren’: know it.

Gwa: “to go, come.” Turkish ‘git’ and ‘gel’. Some of the examples cited by the source are: acrobat; adiabatic; advent; adventitious; adventure; amphisbaena; anabasis; avenue; base "bottom of anything;" basis; become; circumvent; come; contravene; convene; convenient; convention; covenant; diabetes; event; eventual; hyperbaton; intervene; invent; invention; juggernaut; katabatic; parvenu; prevenient; prevent; provenance; revenue; souvenirs; venue… more than 50 words. Some seem unrelated to root. Many of them are not related to ‘Gwa’ but to Latin ‘Ven’: to come. In this case, Turkish ‘gel, git’ are much more similar and has a complete common meaning. Another example: basis>üs.

Gwen "woman." Until recently, Turkic peoples preserved the matriarchal cult in the patriarchal order. The implicit authority in the house, mansion and palace was mostly women. That's why there are many names in Turkish, meaning woman, noble woman, executive woman, some of them are compatible with ‘Gwen’. ‘Kadın, xatun, hatun’: lady; ‘hanım’: lady, woman ‘han, khan’. These are also compatible with ‘queen’. During the Ottoman period, woman ‘sultan’s emerged with them (Arabic name). Together with these, the names ‘Begüm’ and ‘Banu’. Banu Çiçek, Selcan Hatun are Turkish woman heroes. The Taj Mahal was built for the Turkic queen Ercüment Banu Begüm. ‘Begüm’ is real Turkish name, not Persian. Begüm means woman lord, “woman bey-beg”. Beg is a Turkish name means local lord. English ‘big’ rooted from ‘beg’ and ‘büyük’. The founder of the Indian city of Hyderabad is the Turkic queen Haydar Begüm. Jeannine Davis-Kimball traced the prehistory of this cult in her work in Kazakhstan. He compared the DNA of women in the tombs, which are thought to be Amazon women's tombs, with the DNA of the Turkic people in the region, and found a great deal of harmony. He published these findings in the September-October 1997 issue of the American journal of Archeology and later published it in a book (19). He pointed out the similarity between the clothes and physiognomy of the Saka women and the Turkic women of the region. It drew parallels with the Irish War Queens and Death Maidens. German scientists have shown that there is an obvious kinship between the Lady 2-7-2 in the tomb and the Kazakh Turkish girl Meryemgül. The same haplotype was also found in women who were relatives of Meryemgül.

Gwere: “heavy.” Turkish ‘agır-ağır’. Words that are said to originate from this root: aggravate; aggravation; aggrieve; bar "unit of pressure;" bariatric; baritone; barium; barometer; brig; brigade; gross; brute; charivari; gravamen; grave; gravid; gravimeter; gravity; gravity; grief; grieve; guru; isobar; quern; sitzkrieg… Normal variations of “B-v”. The leading ‘a’ in Turkish has been dropped when passing to western languages.

Gwere: “to favor.” Turkish ‘ver’: to give. The words that come out of this are naturally Turkish 'ver-ber' are about giving. Here are examples: agree; bard; congratulate; congratulation; disgrace; grace; gracious; grateful; gratify; free; gratitude; gratuitous; gratuity; gratulation; ingrate; ingratiate

Kap: "to grasp." Turkish ‘kap, kapla, kapsa’: grasp, catch, grab, cover etc. The English words cited here are: accept; anticipate; anticipation; behave; behoof; cable; cacciatore; capable; capacious; capacity; capias; capiche; caption; captious; captivate; captive; captor; capture; case "receptacle;" catch; catchpoll; cater; chase, chasse; conceive; cop "to seize, catch;" copper "policeman;" deceive; emancipate; except; forceps; gaffe; week; have; heft; incapacity; inception; incipient; intercept; municipal; occupy; participation; perceive; precept; prince; purchase; receive; recipe; recover; susceptible... more than 70 words. Turkish ‘kap’ is a very old and very word-generating root.  

Ked: "to go, yield." Turkish words ‘git’ and ‘getir’ exactly have same meaning. The English words that are claimed to derive from this root are: abscess; acced; access; ancestor; antecedent; cease; cede; cession; conceded; decease; exceed; excess; incessant; intercede; necessary; preceded; predecessor; proceed; prescription; recess; recession; prostrate; secession; succeed; success. Let's open a few. For example ‘cede’: git-mek, ‘accede’: kat-ılma.

Kele: “warm.” Old Turkish (Altai, Teleud, Euroasia dialects) 'kala': burning; kalat: to fire; cılı: (Kirghiz) warm. English words that are said to derive from this root are: caldera; calid; Calor; caloric; calorie; calorimeter; cauldron; caudle; chafe; chauffeur; chowder; coddle; lee; lukewarm; nonchalant; scald…

Ker: “heat, fire.” Turkish ‘kor, kömür, köz’ ember, coal, cinder. Words considered to derive from this root are: carbon; carboniferous; carbuncle; cremate; cremation; hearth.

Ker: “to grow.” Acts that fit into Turkish 'gür', 'göverme' and 'kur'. The English words that are claimed to derive from this root are: accretion; accrue; cereal; Ceres; concrete; create; creation; creature; Creole; crescendo; crescent; crew; croissant; cru; decrease; Dioscuri; excrescence; excrescent; griot; increase; Korea; procerity; procreate; procreation; recreate; recreation; recruit; sincere. Create>kur; grow>gür-leş, göver; crescent>aguru, yüksel (Radloff).

Kerd: “hearth.” Turkish ‘yürek’, Old Turkish ‘cörök’. English words from this root: accord; cardiac; cardio-; concord; core; cordial; courage; credence; credible; credit; credo; credulous; creed; discord; grant; heart; incroyable; megalocardia; miscreant; myocardium; pericarditis; pericardium; quarry; record; recreant; tachycardia.

Kers: “to run.” ‘Koş’ in Turkish. The English words allegedly derived from this root are: car; career; cargo; caricature; wheel; carpenter; carriage; carrier; carry; charabanc; charette; charge; chariot; concourse; concur; concurrent; corral; corridor; corsair; courant; courier; course; currency; current; curriculum; cursive; cursor; cursory; discharge; discourse; charge; excursion; hussar; incur; intercourse; king; miscarry; occur; precursor; recourse; recur; succor. I think that many of these words do not come from this root. As in other items, but there are more here. But that's not our point. We have given different interpretations of some of these words by other publications. But their example is their example… : the root ‘kers’ is Turkish ‘koş’. That’s it.

Kes: “to cut.” Turkish ‘kes’: to cut. No other words are needed. English words from here: caret; cashier; cassation; caste; castellan; castellated; Castile; castle; castigate; castrate; castration; chaste; chastity; chateau; chatelaine; Chester; forecastle; incest; quash.

Keue: “to swell," also “vault, hole.” Turkish for 'kabar'mak, 'ko'mak, 'küme', the other meaning is 'kovuk'. Examples: accumulate; accumulation; cave; cavern; cavity; coeliac; church; codeine; coelacanth; coeliac; coelomate; concave; cumulate; cumulative; cumulus; enceinte; excavate; kirk; kymatology. For those who say that the ‘küme’ is not Turkish, we have given examples from old Turkish dialects such as ‘cumul’, ‘kimi’, ‘kömek’. Cave, cavern, cavity>kovuk. Cumulate, cumulus>küme, kümelenme.

Kwell: “revolve, move round; sojourn, dwell.” Their meanings are somewhat broad and varied. We are concerned with the meanings of 'kal, kal-ma’: stay, sitting and “till the ground”: toprağı ‘kal-dır-ma’. Here are those words: accolade; ancillary; atelo-; bazaar; bicycle; chakra; collar; collet; colonial; colony; cult; cultivate; culture; cycle; cyclo-; cyclone; encyclopedia; entelechy; hauberk; hawse; inquiline; Kultur; lapidocolous; palimpsest; palinode; pole; pulley; rickshaw; talisman; teleology; telos; torticollis; wheel... Colony>kalma, kalım.

Kwetwer: "four." Quod>tetra>dört. Turkish ‘dört’: four and Turkish ‘kırk’: forty. One of the words derived from this root is ‘quarantine’: a concept that emerged from the forty (kırk) day isolation practice. Here are the words supposed to originate from this root: cadre; cahier; carillon; Carrefour; diatessaron; escadrille; farthing; fortnight; forty; four; fourteen; quadrant; quadraphonic; quadruped; quadruple; quarantine; quart; quarter; quarters; quartet; quarto; squad; square; tessellated; tetra-; tetracycline; tetrad; trapezium... more than 60 words.

Kwo, kwi: Root of interrogative pronouns. Turkish 'kim', 'kankı', 'hangi, han-ki'. Again, like those derived from other roots, some of them will seem meaningless to you, but the sources say so. Focus on the question words specifically: cheese "a big thing;" cue "stage direction;" either; hidalgo; how; kickshaw; neither; neuter; qua; quality; quandary; quantity; quasar; quasi; quasi-; query; quib; quidnunc; quip; quorum; quote; quotient; ubi; ubiquity; what; when; whence; where; whether; which; withr; who; whoever; whom; whose; why… more than 40 words.

Leg: “to collect, gather, with derivatives meaning 'to speak' on the notion of 'to gather words, to pick out words'.” Turkish ‘ula, ulam, ile, ilik, ilikle, ilmek, le, la" directly overlaps with the root and suffixes expressing connection. English words that are allegedly derived from this root: alexia; analects; analogue; analogy; anthology; apologetic; apology; catalogue; coil; colleague; collect; college; delegate; dialect; dialogue; dyslexia; eclectic; elect; election; epilogue; homologous; ideologue; intelligence; lection; lecture; legacy; legal; legend; legion; lesson; lexicon; logarithm; logic; logistic; logo-; logos; loyal; monologue; neglect; neologism; philology; privilege; prologue; sacrilege; select; tautology; trilogy… more than 90 words. When Western languages take root from Turkish, they add unnecessary prefixes many times. However, at least two thirds of these prefixes are compatible with Turkish. Yet the abundance of prefixes complicates the work of etymologists. Does it make it difficult? Maybe it just makes it easier. Because the purpose of many is not to really find the root of the word, but to bury it to deep. Here, some words, which have different meanings when considered together with their prefixes, live in Turkish as a whole without a prefix. Election>elemek, elek; eclectic: eklemeli. Many etymologists have put everyone in hypnosis by saying these are coincidence. It was then that we learned to look specifically at the roots. For example we saw that the root is Latin "legere" here. Let's repeat: Turkish ula, ulama, ulam, ilik, ilikleme, ilmek…

Leig: “to bind.” Similar to "Leg". See item above. Words from here: alloy; ally; colligate; deligate; furl; league "alliance;" legato; liable; liaison; lien; lictor; ligand; ligament; ligate; ligation; ligature; oblige; rally; religion; rely.

Man: “man.” Examples of this root are: Alderman; Alemanni; fugleman; Herman; hetman; landman; leman; Man; manikin; mannequin; mannish; mensch; Norman; ombudsman; yeoman... When it comes to the end of nouns in Turkish, it means 'man'. In Turkish some examples: Erman, kahraman,  Teoman, toraman, Karaman etc.

Neu: “to shout.” ‘Ünne’ in Turkish: announce. Some of the English words derived from this root are: announce; denounce; enunciate; nuncio; pronounce; renounce.

Oi-no- : "one, unique." In Turkish ‘ön-öng’ means front, first. Some examples from English: icle; alone; an; Angus; anon; atone; any; eleven; inch; lone; lonely; non-; none; null; once; one; ounce; quincunx; triune; unanimous; unary; une; uni-; Uniate; unilateral; uncial; unicorn; union; unique; unison; unite; unity; universal; universe; university; zollverein. Alone>yalnız, non>ne, inch>ince etc.

Okw: “to see”. It's about the "eye". Turkish ‘oku’: read. ‘Oku’ with its the first known meaning is to vocalize, to vocalize what you see. It also has a partnership with the Turkish ‘göz’: eye. Eye>auge>göz. Some of the English words that are said to come from this root are: amblyopia; antique; antler; atrocity; autopsy; binocle; binoists; biopsy; catoptric; Cyclops; daisy; eye; ferocity; inoculate; monocle; myopia; necropsy; ocular; oculist; oeillade; noon; ophthalmo-; optic, window… more than 50 words.

Pad: "foot." Old Turkish "but". This word is used for the meaty part of the leg in new Turkish. Some of the words derived from this root are: antipodes; apodal; Arthropoda; babouche; biped; cap-a-pie; expedition; foot; foosball; fetch; impair; impede; impediment; impeach; octopus; Oedipus; pajamas; pedal; pedestrian; pedicle; pedicure; pedigree; pedology; pedometer; peduncle; pejorative; pessimism; pilot; pioneer; podiatry; podium; polyp; pseudopod; stapes; trapezium; tripod; trivet; velocipede... more than 80 words.

Pele: “to fill.. The dictionary says "to fill", but the words that came out of it are about "abundance, excess". Turkish ‘mol-bol’: multi, poly. Some examples: accomplish; complete; compliment; comply; depletion; fele; fill; folk; full, implement; manipulation; plebiscite; Pleistocene; plenary; plenitude; plenty; plenum; Pliocene; plural; plus; poly… replenish; replete; supply; volkslied... more than 50 words. Plural, plenty, poly> bol; fill, full > dol.

Per: "forward, and, by extension, in front of, before, first, chief, toward, near, against…" Turkish ‘bir, birinci, beri, beriki’: one, first, near, peri, the near one… etc. Some examples: afford; approach; appropriate; approve; approximate; barbican; before; deprive; headlight; first; for; for-; fore; former; forth; frame; frau; from; furnish; further; galore; improve; palfrey; money; beyond; altered; contrary; paradise; pardon; paramount; paramour; parvenu; pellucid; per; percent; percussion; perestroika; perfect; perform; maybe; fairy-; perish; permanent; perspire; persuasion; pertain; pierce; portray; pre-; premier; pride; priest; primal; primary… primo; primus; prince; principal; principle; prior; private; privilege; pro-; probably; produce; profane; professor; profile; profit; profound; project; promise; prompt; prone; proper; property; prophets; protest; protocol; proton; proud; prove;  provide; provoke… More than 160 words. All words in English those have prefixes or front root of ‘pro, peri, pre, pri’ etc. start with Turkish "bir-beri".

Reg: “move in a straight line, with derivatives meaning 'to direct in a straight line,' thus 'to lead, rule.'” This is Turkish 'dogru', and also related to 'dik' and 'dik-me' root words. English examples:  abrogate; address; adroit; alert; anorexia; arrogant; bishopric; correct; derogate; Dietrich; direct; dress; erect; ergo; Eric; Frederick; Henry; interrogate; maharajah; Maratha; rail; Raj; rajah; rake; rakish; realm; reck; reckless; reckon; rectangle; rectify; recto; rector; rectum; regal; regent; regime; regiment; region; regular; regulate; Reich; reign; rich; right; royal; rule; source; surge; surrogate; viceroy… more than 80 words. Erect>dik; ergo>erk; direct>direk, doğru.

Sec: “to cut.” Turkish ‘kes’. Examples: bisect; dissect; hacksaw; insect; intersect; resect; saw; Saxon; scythe; secant; secateurs; sect; section; sector; sedge; segment; skin; skinflint; skinny; transect. Sect>kesim. Caesar>keser; Saxon: kesen. The claims about their Turkic origins are not unsupported.  

Sekw: “to follow”. Sequential movements, namely 'sek-me' in Turkish. Words that are claimed to originate from this root: associate; association; consequence; consequent; dissociate; ensue; execute; extrinsic; intrinsic; obsequious; persecute; persecution; prosecute; pursue; second "next after first;" second "one-sixtieth of a minute;" sect; secundine; segue; sequacious; sequel; sequence; sequester; sociable; social; society; socio-; subsequent; sue; suite; suite; suitor; tocsin. Also, the root of the "to say" is shown as "Sekw". Say>söyle.

Sker: “to cut.”: kes. Example words: carnage; carnal; carnation; carnival; carnivorous; carrion; cenacle; charcuterie; charnel; corium; cortex; crone; cuirass; currier; curt; decorticate; excoriate; incarnadine; incarnate; incarnation; dirt; scabbard; scarp; score; scrabble; scrap; scrape; screen; screw; share "portion;" sharp; shear; shears; sheer; shirts; shore; short; shrub; skerry; skirmish; skirt. Examples from Turkish: Curt>kısga, kısa; sharp>sarp; shear>kırk… Crop>kırp. Screw>sivri.

Sta: "to stand, set down, make or be firm". It is the root of many important English words such as “istan, stand, stay, state, stead, stem, station, stood, static, statue, system, stop, estate, resist”. More than 120 words. Turkish ‘üst’ (on, upper); ‘ast’ (under, below) are status words. Root partnerships with ‘Sta’ is highly probable. Because the same root ‘Sta’ gives the meaning of “stay, sit” as well as “stand, stand up” in English. They convey opposite but same meanings and status. Dialectical rule of opposition and unity. Yin-yang. Otur>sit, sofa>sedir.

Tag: “to touch, handle.” Turkish ‘tokun-dokun’, ‘teg-deg-değ’. Attain; contact; contaminate; entire; intact; integer; integrate; integrity; tangere; tact; tactics; tactile; tangent; tangible; task; taste; tax; taxis... Tag>tact>touch> değ>teg>dokun.

Tere: “cross over, pass through.” Turkish for ‘dogru’. Direct>direk also have a link. Example words: Avatar, through, thorough, trans, transient etc. Through > doğru.

Tere: “to rub, to turn.” ‘Dön’ in Turkish. The English words that are claimed to derive from this root are: atresia; attorn; attorney; attrition; contour; contrite; detour; detriment; diatribe; drill "bore a hole;" lithotripsy; return; septentrion; thrash; thread; thresh; throw; threshold; trauma; trephine; tribadism; tribology; tribulation; trite; triticale; triturate; trout; trypsin; tryptophan; turn, tour. Tour>tur, turn>dön, drill>del. Many Turkish words were taken almost without changed. Actually, that didn't happen so. It was their language, and they continued to speak it.

Uper: “over.” Turkish 'apa', 'aba' high person, high position; Turkish 'kop' means to rise, to get up. Some of the English words claimed to derive from this root are: hyper-; insuperable; over-; soprano; sovereign; sum; summit; Super-; superable; superb; superior; supernal; supra-; supreme; fort-…

Upo: “under, also up from under, hence ‘over’.” Turkish 'apa', 'aba' high person, high position; Turkish 'kop' means to rise, to get up. Some of the English words claimed to derive from this root are: above; assume; eave; hypo-; hypochondria; hypocrisy; hypothesis; opal; open; often; resuscitate; somber; souffle; source; souvenirs; sub-; subject; substance; subtle; suburb; succeed; succumb; sudden; suffer; sufficient; suffix; suggestion; summon; supply; support; suppose; surge; suspect; suspend; sustain; up; valet; vassal... The same dialectical opposition and unity exists in Turkish as well. ‘Abdal’: wise person, ‘aptal’: idiot.

Wer: "to turn, bend." In Turkish, “vir-vir-vur” always means turning in verbs. Other verbs don’t have this root. ‘Çevir, evir, devir, savur, kıvır, kavur…’ Also other Turkish ‘turning’ verbs: ‘bur, dür’. English examples that are said to derive from this root: adverse; anniversary; avert; awry; controversy; converge; converse; convert; diverge; divert; evert; extroversion; gaiter; introrse; introvert; invert; inward; pervert; process; transverse; universe; vermicular; vermiform; vermine; versatile; give; version; versus; vertebra; vertex; vertigo; vortex; weird; worm; worry; worth; wrangle; wrap; wreath; wrest; wring; wrinkle; wrong; wry… more than 70 words. Turkish examples: Evert>evir, çevir; wry>kıvır; wrong>yanglış, yanlış; vortex>burgaç.

Werg: "to do, work.": yapmak. How does this root sound like a Turkish root? We find the answer to our question when we see the association of the word 'work', one of the most important words of this root, with the Greek 'ergon', that is, the Turkish 'erk'. Some of the English words that are claimed to originate from this root are: allergic; allergy; argon; boulevard; cholinergic; demiurge; dramaturge; energy; erg "unit of energy;" ergative; ergonomics; George; georgic; handiwork; race; lethargic; lethargy; liturgy; metallurgy; organ; organelle; organic; organism; organized; orgy; surgeon; surgery; synergism; synergy; work; wright; wrought. Erk>werg>ergon>work.

Yeug: “to join.” In Turkish it means ‘kayna-ma’. Examples: adjoin; adjust; conjoin; conjugal; conjugate; conjugation; conjunct; disjointed; enjoin; injunction; jugular; jostle; joust; join; joiner; joint; jointure; junction; junction; junta; juxtapose; juxtaposition; subjugate; subjugation; subjunctive; syzygy; yoga; yoke; zeugma; zygoma; zygomatic; zygote. Turkish examples: Join>kayna; yoke>ikili koş (for binding oxes).

There are some more. The most important ones are ‘per’ (II), ‘per’ (III), ‘mei’, ‘gene’.  

CONCLUSION

It needs to be repeated. I have shown plenty of English words from etymology resources of the IE scholastics. Even if it bores the reader. So that the reader can see which words can come out of these roots. Some are already wrong. Some are fake. However, if we accept most of them as correct, you will see that the Turkish root and sample equivalents are much more similar to the original roots. Thus, within the scope of this short study alone, we have seen about 2100 English words which has germinated from Turkish. Still, scholars from scholastic schools will say, "These are coincidences." However, I show that there is no coincidence in many ways, based on historical, social, material, cultural, production relations, economics and genetics. Of course, we should be open to discussion and to develop by learning from each other. When my mistakes are shown, I am ready to take a step back, accept the mistake and change it. However, some “academics” choose rudest humiliation and insult. “If you can't reach the majesty of cognition, get rid of the banality of denial!”

 

 

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(2)  Samuel E. Martin, Lexical Evidence Relating Korean to Japanese Languages, 1966

(3)  Roy Andrew Miller, The Japanese Language, 1967

(4)  Nicholas Poppe, Altaic Linguistic An Overview Science and Language, No 6, 1975

(5)  Nicholas Poppe, A New Symposium on the Altaic Theory CAJ, c. XVI, n.1, 1972

(6)  Karl. H. Menges, The Turkic Language and People, 1968

(7)  Osman Nedim Tuna, Altay Dilleri Teorisi, Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı, 1983.

(8)  Martine Robbeets, Remco Bouckaert, Matthew Conte, Alexander Savelyev, Tao Li, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Yinqiu Cui, Takamune Kawashima, Geonyoung Kim, et al. ; Triangulation supports agricultural spread of the Transeurasian languages; Nature 2021

(9)  Sir William Jones, Third Anniversary Discourse, 1786, Electronic Library of Historiography, Universita degli Studi Firenze

(10) Kaan Arslanoğlu; Türkçe Sanskritçe İngilizce uyumunun ölçülmesi : https://www.insanbu.com/Felsefe-Haberleri/735-1000-temel-sozcuk-ustunden-turkce-sanskritce-ingilizce-uyumunun-karsilastirmasi

(11) Sanskrit Dictionary: sanskritdictionary.com

(12) Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit: spokensanskrit.com

(13) Online Etymology: etymonline.com

(14) Martin Bernal, Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization (The Fabrication of Ancient Greece), Rutland Local History & Record Society 1987

(15) Mustafa Celalettin Paşa, Les Turcs Anciens et Modernes, 1869

(16) Bedros Efendi Keresteciyan, Dictionnaire Etymologiqu de la Turque, 1912

(17) Wilhelm Radloff, Versuch Eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte, 1872

(18) Oxford Dictionary: old version online

(19) Jeannine Davis-Kimbal, Amazon Warrior Women, Warner Books, 2002